Chemical Analysis of the Flavonoid,Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chaerophyllum macropodum (Boiss.) Extract

Flavonoids are secondary metabolites produced mainly in almost all terrestrial plants and fruits,where they provide UV protection and color. They have a fused ring system consisting of an aromaticring and a benzopyran ring with a phenyl substituent. Their biological activities have an impact onhuman health so that they serve as target molecules to develop new drugs. From methanolic extractof aerial parts of Chaerophyllum macropodum (Boiss.) (Umbelliferae family), a diglycosylatedflavonoid derivative namely 4΄,5-O-dirhamnosid-3’-butanoat-7-hydroxyflavone and a phthalic acidester namely dioctylphthalate have been isolated by column chromatography (CC) and preparativeTLC. Those structures were elucidated by UV, 1H- and 13C- NMR, HMBC, EI-MS and IR spectra.The antimicrobial activity of the methanol and aqueous extracts of aerial part were determined againstseven Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcusaureus, S. epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae),as well as three fungi (Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger). Thebioassay showed that both extracts exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity. The antioxidant activityof methanol and aqueous extracts was evaluated by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method.The results indicate that methanol extract from aerial parts of C. macropodum possess considerableantioxidant activity. The highest radical scavenging activity was detected (IC50 = 65 μg/mL). Thisstudy reveals that the methanolic extract of this plant is attractive sources of flavonoid, especially theessential ones, as well as of effective natural antioxidants.